RUBIK’S CUBE THE ORIGINAL 3x3 🧊 TOY PUZZLE SPIN MASTER GAMES NEW SEALED

Description: Experience the challenge and excitement of Rubik's Cube with this original 3x3 puzzle! Made from durable plastic and measuring 8.38"L x 4.88"W, this puzzle is perfect for puzzle enthusiasts of all ages. With a colorful, multi-color design and a recommended age range of 8+, this puzzle is sure to provide hours of fun and strategic gameplay. Featuring a sequential movement puzzle type and the iconic Rubik's Cube character family, this puzzle is a must-have for any fan of the franchise. Whether you're a seasoned puzzler or just starting out, this puzzle is guaranteed to provide a fun and engaging challenge. Order now and experience the thrill of Rubik's Cube! Experience the challenge and excitement of Rubik's Cube with this original 3x3 puzzle toy. Made of durable plastic and featuring a multi-color design, this puzzle is perfect for people of all ages. With a recommended age range of 8+, this puzzle is sure to provide hours of fun and entertainment. The puzzle features a sequential movement design and comes with a single piece. The product dimensions are 8.38"L x 4.88"W, and it has a California Prop 65 Warning of NONE. This puzzle is perfect for anyone who loves strategy and wants to test their problem-solving skills. Order now to add Rubik's Cube to your collection! ENGINEERED FOR SPEED: Perfect for speed Cubers, beginners & advanced players who love a fun, challenging puzzle, the magnetic Rubik’s 3x3 Speed Cube turns at an accelerated racing pace under complete control FASTEST SPEEDS: You’re a master at solving the puzzle, but can you beat your record? The speed Cube comes pre-lubricated to help you achieve faster times SMOOTHER PLAY: The magnetic Rubik’s Speed Cube features a stronger core and has a mechanism designed to make it faster, smoother & more reliable than ever. You can now turn and twist faster with no more frustrating snagging or popping core COOL STUFF FOR PUZZLE LOVERS: The iconic activity cube for anyone who loves fidget puzzles, puzzle games & stress relief toy. Brain teaser, fidget toy or travel puzzle, this speedy brainteaser is your new go-to cube ALL LEVELS OF SOLVERS: Shop more Cubes to improve your moves – from 2x2 for beginners, to the iconic 3x3, or go expert mode with the 4x4, 5x5, and more Plus, play a new twist on the classic puzzle with games like Gridlock Includes: 1 Rubik's 3x3 Cube Covered by the Spin Master Care Commitment. The Cube can be solved in twenty moves, but how fast can you do it? The World Record was set in 2018 at 3.47 seconds! To get the fastest speeds, speed Cubers learn the sequences of moves that get the Cube to solved, called algorithms. When they see a configuration, they know which algorithms to use to solve the Cube. Speed Cubers also train their hands to move as fast as possible, to achieve astonishing completion times. Think fast and move fast! The improved design now uses magnets to add stability and act as a positioning system, to help align the Cube for the next twists and less fiddly turns. The speed Cube features a stronger core and has a mechanism designed to make it faster, smoother and more reliable than ever. No more frustrating snagging or popping core. The Speed Cube comes pre-lubricated to help you get faster times, and more can be added when needed. The traditional stickers have been replaced with original and eco-friendly ABS material, which means no fading, no peeling and most importantly no cheating. Glossy tiles with a good grip for the classic look. Rubik's Cubes also make the great gifts for kids who love sensory toys! Rubik’s Cube, 3x3 Magnetic Speed Cube, Super Fast Problem-Solving Challenging Puzzle Fidget Toy Travel Game Brain Teaser for Adults & Kids Ages 8+ The Rubik's Cube is a 3D combination puzzle invented in 1974[2][3] by Hungarian sculptor and professor of architecture Ernő Rubik. Originally called the Magic Cube,[4] the puzzle was licensed by Rubik to be sold by Pentangle Puzzles in the UK in 1978,[5] and then by Ideal Toy Corp in 1980[6] via businessman Tibor Laczi and Seven Towns founder Tom Kremer.[7] The cube was released internationally in 1980 and became one of the most recognized icons in popular culture. It won the 1980 German Game of the Year special award for Best Puzzle. As of January 2024, around 500 million cubes had been sold worldwide,[8][9][10] making it the world's bestselling puzzle game[11][12] and bestselling toy.[13] The Rubik's Cube was inducted into the US National Toy Hall of Fame in 2014.[14] Rubik's Cube Other names Magic Cube, Speed Cube, Puzzle Cube, Cube Type Combination puzzle Inventor(s) Ernő Rubik Company Rubik's Brand Ltd (Spin Master)[1] Country Hungary Availability 1977: as Hungarian Magic Cube, first test batches released in Budapest As Rubik's Cube, worldwide, 1980–present Official website An illustration of an unsolved Rubik's Cube On the original, classic Rubik's Cube, each of the six faces was covered by nine stickers, with each face in one of six solid colours: white, red, blue, orange, green, and yellow. Some later versions of the cube have been updated to use coloured plastic panels instead. Since 1988, the arrangement of colours has been standardised, with white opposite yellow, blue opposite green, and orange opposite red, and with the red, white, and blue arranged clockwise, in that order.[15] On early cubes, the position of the colours varied from cube to cube.[16] A salaryman trying to solve a Rubik's Cube in an izakaya after work in Japan, 2008 An internal pivot mechanism enables each face to turn independently, thus mixing up the colours. For the puzzle to be solved, each face must be returned to having only one colour. The Cube has inspired other designers to create a number of similar puzzles with various numbers of sides, dimensions, and mechanisms. Although the Rubik's Cube reached the height of its mainstream popularity in the 1980s, it is still widely known and used. Many speedcubers continue to practice it and similar puzzles, and to compete for the fastest times in various categories. Since 2003, the World Cube Association (WCA), the international governing body of the Rubik's Cube, has organised competitions worldwide and has recognised world records After the first batches of Rubik's Cubes were released in May 1980, initial sales were modest, but Ideal began a television advertising campaign in the middle of the year which it supplemented with newspaper advertisements.[23] At the end of 1980, Rubik's Cube won a German Game of the Year special award[24] and won similar awards for best toy in the UK, France, and the US.[25] By 1981, Rubik's Cube had become a craze, and it is estimated that in the period from 1980 to 1983 around 200 million Rubik's Cubes were sold worldwide.[26] In March 1981, a speedcubing championship organised by the Guinness Book of World Records was held in Munich,[24] and a Rubik's Cube was depicted on the front cover of Scientific American that same month.[27] In June 1981, The Washington Post reported that Rubik's Cube is "a puzzle that's moving like fast food right now ... this year's Hoola Hoop or Bongo Board",[28] and by September 1981, New Scientist noted that the cube had "captivated the attention of children of ages from 7 to 70 all over the world this summer."[29] As most people could solve only one or two sides, numerous books were published including David Singmaster's Notes on Rubik's "Magic Cube" (1980) and Patrick Bossert's You Can Do the Cube (1981).[24] At one stage in 1981, three of the top ten best selling books in the US were books on solving Rubik's Cube,[30] and the best-selling book of 1981 was James G. Nourse's The Simple Solution to Rubik's Cube which sold over 6 million copies.[31] In 1981, the Museum of Modern Art in New York exhibited a Rubik's Cube, and at the 1982 World's Fair in Knoxville, Tennessee a six-foot Cube was put on display.[24] ABC Television even developed a cartoon show called Rubik, the Amazing Cube.[32] In June 1982, the First Rubik's Cube World Championship took place in Budapest and would become the only competition recognized as official until the championship was revived in 2003.[33] In October 1982, The New York Times reported that sales had fallen and that "the craze has died",[34] and by 1983 it was clear that sales had plummeted.[24] However, in some countries such as China and the USSR, the craze had started later and demand was still high because of a shortage of Cubes.[35][36] 21st-century revival Rubik's Cubes continued to be marketed and sold throughout the 1980s and 1990s,[24] but it was not until the early 2000s that interest in the Cube began increasing again.[37] In the US, sales doubled between 2001 and 2003, and The Boston Globe remarked that it was "becoming cool to own a Cube again".[38] The 2003 World Rubik's Games Championship was the first speedcubing tournament since 1982.[37] It was held in Toronto and was attended by 83 participants.[37] The tournament led to the formation of the World Cube Association in 2004.[37] Annual sales of Rubik branded cubes were said to have reached 15 million worldwide in 2008.[39] Part of the new appeal was ascribed to the advent of Internet video sites, such as YouTube, which allowed fans to share their solving strategies.[39] Following the expiration of Rubik's patent in 2000, other brands of cubes appeared, especially from Chinese companies.[40] Many of these Chinese branded cubes have been engineered for speed and are favoured by speedcubers.[40] On 27 October 2020, Spin Master said it will pay $50 million to buy the Rubik's Cube brand.[1] Imitations Taking advantage of an initial shortage of cubes, many imitations and variations appeared, many of which may have violated one or more patents. In 2000 the patents expired, and since then, many Chinese companies have produced copies, modifications, and improvements upon the Rubik and V-Cube designs.[40] Patent history Nichols assigned his patent to his employer Moleculon Research Corp., which sued Ideal in 1982. In 1984, Ideal lost the patent infringement suit and appealed. In 1986, the appeals court affirmed the judgment that Rubik's 2×2×2 Pocket Cube infringed Nichols's patent, but overturned the judgment on Rubik's 3×3×3 Cube.[41] Even while Rubik's patent application was being processed, Terutoshi Ishigi, a self-taught engineer and ironworks owner near Tokyo, filed for a Japanese patent for a nearly identical mechanism, which was granted in 1976 (Japanese patent publication JP55-008192). Until 1999, when an amended Japanese patent law was enforced, Japan's patent office granted Japanese patents for non-disclosed technology within Japan without requiring worldwide novelty.[42][43] Hence, Ishigi's patent is generally accepted as an independent reinvention at that time.[44][45][46] Rubik applied for more patents in 1980, including another Hungarian patent on 28 October. In the United States, Rubik was granted U.S. patent 4,378,116 on 29 March 1983 for the Cube. This patent expired in 2000. Trademarks Rubik's Brand Ltd. also holds the registered trademarks for the word "Rubik" and "Rubik's" and for the 2D and 3D visualisations of the puzzle. The trademarks were upheld by a ruling of the General Court of the European Union on 25 November 2014 in a successful defence against a German toy manufacturer seeking to invalidate them. However, European toy manufacturers are allowed to create differently shaped puzzles that have a similar rotating or twisting functionality of component parts such as for example Skewb, Pyraminx or Impossiball.[47] On 10 November 2016, Rubik's Cube lost a ten-year battle over a key trademark issue. The European Union's highest court, the Court of Justice, ruled that the puzzle's shape was not sufficient to grant it trademark protection.[48] A standard Rubik's Cube measures 5.6 centimetres (2+1⁄4 in) on each side.[49] The puzzle consists of 26 unique miniature cubes, also known as "cubies" or "cubelets". Each of these includes a concealed inward extension that interlocks with the other cubes while permitting them to move to different locations. However, the centre cube of each of the six faces is merely a single square façade; all six are affixed to the core mechanism. These provide structure for the other pieces to fit into and rotate around. Hence, there are 21 pieces: a single core piece consisting of three intersecting axes holding the six centre squares in place but letting them rotate, and 20 smaller plastic pieces that fit into it to form the assembled puzzle.[50] Each of the six centre pieces pivots on a fastener held by the centre piece, a "3D cross". A spring between each fastener and its corresponding piece tensions the piece inward, so that collectively, the whole assembly remains compact but can still be easily manipulated. The older versions of the official Cube used a screw that can be tightened or loosened to change the "feel" of the Cube. Newer official Rubik's brand cubes have rivets instead of screws and cannot be adjusted. Inexpensive clones do not have screws or springs, all they have is a plastic clip to keep the centre piece in place and freely rotate. The Cube can be taken apart without much difficulty, typically by rotating the top layer by 45° and then prying one of its edge cubes away from the other two layers. Consequently, it is a simple process to "solve" a Cube by taking it apart and reassembling it in a solved state. There are six central pieces that show one coloured face, twelve edge pieces that show two coloured faces, and eight corner pieces that show three coloured faces. Each piece shows a unique colour combination, but not all combinations are present (for example, if red and orange are on opposite sides of the solved Cube, there is no edge piece with both red and orange sides). The location of these cubes relative to one another can be altered by twisting an outer third of the Cube by increments of 90 degrees, but the location of the coloured sides relative to one another in the completed state of the puzzle cannot be altered; it is fixed by the relative positions of the centre squares. However, Cubes with alternative colour arrangements also exist; for example, with the yellow face opposite the green, the blue face opposite the white, and red and orange remaining opposite each other. Douglas Hofstadter, in the July 1982 issue of Scientific American, pointed out that Cubes could be coloured in such a way as to emphasise the corners or edges, rather than the faces as the standard colouring does; but neither of these alternative colourings has ever become popular.[44] Mathematics The puzzle was originally advertised as having "over 3,000,000,000 (three billion) combinations but only one solution".[51] Depending on how combinations are counted, the actual number is significantly higher. Permutations Main article: Rubik's Cube group The current colour scheme of a Rubik's Cube — yellow opposes white, blue opposes green, orange opposes red, and white, green, and red are positioned in anti-clockwise order around a corner. The original (3×3×3) Rubik's Cube has eight corners and twelve edges. There are 8! (40,320) ways to arrange the corner cubes. Each corner has three possible orientations, although only seven (of eight) can be oriented independently; the orientation of the eighth (final) corner depends on the preceding seven, giving 37 (2,187) possibilities. There are 12!/2 (239,500,800) ways to arrange the edges, restricted from 12! because edges must be in an even permutation exactly when the corners are. (When arrangements of centres are also permitted, as described below, the rule is that the combined arrangement of corners, edges, and centres must be an even permutation.) Eleven edges can be flipped independently, with the flip of the twelfth depending on the preceding ones, giving 211 (2,048) possibilities.[52] 8!×37×12!2×211=43,252,003,274,489,856,000{\displaystyle {8!\times 3^{7}\times {\frac {12!}{2}}\times 2^{11}}=43{,}252{,}003{,}274{,}489{,}856{,}000} which is approximately 43 quintillion.[53][better source needed] To put this into perspective, if one had one standard-sized Rubik's Cube for each permutation, one could cover the Earth's surface 275 times, or stack them in a tower 261 light-years high. The preceding figure is limited to permutations that can be reached solely by turning the sides of the cube. If one considers permutations reached through disassembly of the cube, the number becomes twelve times larger: 8!×38×12!×212=519,024,039,293,878,272,000{\displaystyle {8!\times 3^{8}\times 12!\times 2^{12}}=519{,}024{,}039{,}293{,}878{,}272{,}000} which is approximately 519 quintillion[53] possible arrangements of the pieces that make up the cube, but only one-twelfth of these are actually solvable. This is because there is no sequence of moves that will swap a single pair of pieces or rotate a single corner or edge cube. Thus, there are 12 possible sets of reachable configurations, sometimes called "universes" or "orbits", into which the cube can be placed by dismantling and reassembling it. The preceding numbers assume the centre faces are in a fixed position. If one considers turning the whole cube to be a different permutation, then each of the preceding numbers should be multiplied by 24. A chosen colour can be on one of six sides, and then one of the adjacent colours can be in one of four positions; this determines the positions of all remaining colours. Centre faces The original Rubik's Cube had no orientation markings on the centre faces (although some carried the "Rubik's Cube" mark on the centre square of the white face), and therefore solving it does not require any attention to orienting those faces correctly. However, with marker pens, one could, for example, mark the central squares of an unscrambled Cube with four coloured marks on each edge, each corresponding to the colour of the adjacent face; a cube marked in this way is referred to as a "supercube". Some Cubes have also been produced commercially with markings on all of the squares, such as the Lo Shu magic square or playing card suits. Cubes have also been produced where the nine stickers on a face are used to make a single larger picture, and centre orientation matters on these as well. Thus one can nominally solve a Cube yet have the markings on the centres rotated; it then becomes an additional test to solve the centres as well. Marking Rubik's Cube's centres increases its difficulty, because this expands the set of distinguishable possible configurations. There are 46/2 (2,048) ways to orient the centres since an even permutation of the corners implies an even number of quarter turns of centres as well. In particular, when the Cube is unscrambled apart from the orientations of the central squares, there will always be an even number of centre squares requiring a quarter turn. Thus orientations of centres increases the total number of possible Cube permutations from 43,252,003,274,489,856,000 (4.3×1019) to 88,580,102,706,155,225,088,000 (8.9×1022).[54] When turning a cube over is considered to be a change in permutation then we must also count arrangements of the centre faces. Nominally there are 6! ways to arrange the six centre faces of the cube, but only 24 of these are achievable without disassembly of the cube. When the orientations of centres are also counted, as above, this increases the total number of possible Cube permutations from 88,580,102,706,155,225,088,000 (8.9×1022) to 2,125,922,464,947,725,402,112,000 (2.1×1024). Algorithms In Rubik's cubers' parlance, a memorised sequence of moves that have a desired effect on the cube is called an "algorithm". This terminology is derived from the mathematical use of algorithm, meaning a list of well-defined instructions for performing a task from a given initial state, through well-defined successive states, to a desired end-state. Each method of solving the Cube employs its own set of algorithms, together with descriptions of what effect the algorithm has, and when it can be used to bring the cube closer to being solved. Many algorithms are designed to transform only a small part of the cube without interfering with other parts that have already been solved so that they can be applied repeatedly to different parts of the cube until the whole is solved. For example, there are well-known algorithms for cycling three corners without changing the rest of the puzzle or flipping the orientation of a pair of edges while leaving the others intact. Some algorithms do have a certain desired effect on the cube (for example, swapping two corners) but may also have the side-effect of changing other parts of the cube (such as permuting some edges). Such algorithms are often simpler than the ones without side effects and are employed early on in the solution when most of the puzzle has not yet been solved and the side effects are not important. Towards the end of the solution, the more specific (and usually more complicated) algorithms are used instead. Relevance and application of mathematical group theory Rubik's Cube lends itself to the application of mathematical group theory, which has been helpful for deducing certain algorithms – in particular, those which have a commutator structure, namely XYX−1Y−1 (where X and Y are specific moves or move-sequences and X−1 and Y−1 are their respective inverses), or a conjugate structure, namely XYX−1, often referred to by speedcubers colloquially as a "setup move".[55] In addition, the fact that there are well-defined subgroups within the Rubik's Cube group enables the puzzle to be learned and mastered by moving up through various self-contained "levels of difficulty". For example, one such "level" could involve solving cubes that have been scrambled using only 180-degree turns. These subgroups are the principle underlying the computer cubing methods by Thistlethwaite and Kociemba, which solve the cube by further reducing it to another subgroup. Unitary representation The Rubik's group can be endowed with a unitary representation: such a description allows the Rubik's Cube to be mapped into a quantum system of few particles, where the rotations of its faces are implemented by unitary operators. The rotations of the faces act as generators of the Lie group.[56] Solutions Singmaster notation Many 3×3×3 Rubik's Cube enthusiasts use a notation developed by David Singmaster to denote a sequence of moves, referred to as "Singmaster notation" or simple "Cube notation".[57] Its relative nature allows algorithms to be written in such a way that they can be applied regardless of which side is designated the top or how the colours are organised on a particular cube. F (Front): the side currently facing the solver B (Back): the side opposite the front U (Up): the side above or on top of the front side D (Down): the side opposite the top, underneath the Cube L (Left): the side directly to the left of the front R (Right): the side directly to the right of the front f (Front two layers): the side facing the solver and the corresponding middle layer b (Back two layers): the side opposite the front and the corresponding middle layer u (Up two layers): the top side and the corresponding middle layer d (Down two layers): the bottom layer and the corresponding middle layer l (Left two layers): the side to the left of the front and the corresponding middle layer r (Right two layers): the side to the right of the front and the corresponding middle layer x (rotate): rotate the entire Cube on R y (rotate): rotate the entire Cube on U z (rotate): rotate the entire Cube on F When a prime symbol ( ′ ) follows a letter, it indicates an anticlockwise face turn; while a letter without a prime symbol denotes a clockwise turn. These directions are as one is looking at the specified face. A letter followed by a 2 (occasionally a superscript 2) denotes two turns, or a 180-degree turn. For example, R means to turn the right side clockwise, but R′ means to turn the right side anticlockwise. The letters x, y, and z are used to indicate that the entire Cube should be turned about one of its axes, corresponding to R, U, and F turns respectively. When x, y, or z is primed, it is an indication that the cube must be rotated in the opposite direction. When x, y, or z is squared, the cube must be rotated 180 degrees. One of the most common deviations from Singmaster notation, and in fact the current official standard, is to use "w", for "wide", instead of lowercase letters to represent moves of two layers; thus, a move of Rw is equivalent to one of r.[58] For methods using middle-layer turns (particularly corners-first methods), there is a generally accepted "MES" extension to the notation where letters M, E, and S denote middle layer turns. It was used e.g. in Marc Waterman's Algorithm.[59] M (Middle): the layer between L and R, turn direction as L (top-down) E (Equator): the layer between U and D, turn direction as D (left-right) S (Standing): the layer between F and B, turn direction as F The 4×4×4 and larger cubes use an extended notation to refer to the additional middle layers. Generally speaking, uppercase letters (F B U D L R) refer to the outermost portions of the cube (called faces). Lowercase letters (f b u d l r) refer to the inner portions of the cube (called slices). An asterisk (L*), a number in front of it (2L), or two layers in parentheses (Ll), means to turn the two layers at the same time (both the inner and the outer left faces) For example: (Rr)' l2 f' means to turn the two rightmost layers anticlockwise, then the left inner layer twice, and then the inner front layer anticlockwise. By extension, for cubes of 6×6×6 and larger, moves of three layers are notated by the number 3, for example, 3L. An alternative notation, Wolstenholme notation,[60] is designed to make memorising sequences of moves easier for novices. This notation uses the same letters for faces except it replaces U with T (top), so that all are consonants. The key difference is the use of the vowels O, A, and I for clockwise, anticlockwise, and twice (180-degree) turns, which results in word-like sequences such as LOTA RATO LATA ROTI (equivalent to LU′ R′ U L′ U′ R U2 in Singmaster notation). The addition of a C implies rotation of the entire cube, so ROC is the clockwise rotation of the cube around its right face. Middle layer moves are denoted by adding an M to the corresponding face move, so RIM means a 180-degree turn of the middle layer adjacent to the R face. Another notation appeared in the 1981 book The Simple Solution to Rubik's Cube. Singmaster notation was not widely known at the time of publication. The faces were named Top (T), Bottom (B), Left (L), Right (R), Front (F), and Posterior (P), with + for clockwise, – for anticlockwise, and 2 for 180-degree turns. Another notation appeared in the 1982 "The Ideal Solution" book for Rubik's Revenge. Horizontal planes were noted as tables, with table 1 or T1 starting at the top. Vertical front to back planes were noted as books, with book 1 or B1 starting from the left. Vertical left to right planes were noted as windows, with window 1 or W1 starting at the front. Using the front face as a reference view, table moves were left or right, book moves were up or down, and window moves were clockwise or anticlockwise. Period of move sequences The repetition of any given move sequence on a cube which is initially in solved state will eventually return the cube back to its solved state: the smallest number of iterations required is the period of the sequence. For example, the 180-degree turn of any side has period 2 (e.g. {U2}2); the 90-degree turn of any side has period 4 (e.g. {R}4). The maximum period for a move sequence is 1260:[57] for example, allowing for full rotations, {F x}1260 or {R y}1260 or {U z}1260; not allowing for rotations, {D R' U2 M}1260, or {B E L' F2}1260, or {S' U' B D2}1260; only allowing for clockwise quarter turns, {U R S U L}1260, or {F L E B L}1260, or {R U R D S}1260; only allowing for lateral clockwise quarter turns, {F B L F B R F U}1260, or {U D R U D L U F}1260, or {R L D R L U R F}1260. Optimal solutions Main article: Optimal solutions for Rubik's Cube Although there are a significant number of possible permutations for Rubik's Cube, a number of solutions have been developed which allow solving the cube in well under 100 moves. Many general solutions for the Cube have been discovered independently. David Singmaster first published his solution in the book Notes on Rubik's "Magic Cube" in 1981.[55] This solution involves solving the Cube layer by layer, in which one layer (designated the top) is solved first, followed by the middle layer, and then the final and bottom layer. After sufficient practice, solving the Cube layer by layer can be done in under one minute. Other general solutions include "corners first" methods or combinations of several other methods. In 1982, David Singmaster and Alexander Frey hypothesised that the number of moves needed to solve the Cube, given an ideal algorithm, might be in "the low twenties".[61] In 2007, Daniel Kunkle and Gene Cooperman used computer search methods to demonstrate that any 3×3×3 Rubik's Cube configuration can be solved in 26 moves or fewer.[62][63][64] In 2008, Tomas Rokicki lowered that number to 22 moves,[65][66][67] and in July 2010, a team of researchers including Rokicki, working with computers provided by Google, proved that the so-called "God's number" for Rubik's Cube is 20.[68][69][70] This means that all initial configurations can be solved in 20 moves or less, and some (in fact millions) require 20.[68] More generally, it has been shown that an n×n×n Rubik's Cube can be solved optimally in Θ(n2 / log(n)) moves.[71] Speedcubing methods A solution commonly used by speedcubers was developed by Jessica Fridrich. This method is called CFOP standing for "Cross, F2L, OLL, PLL". It is similar to the layer-by-layer method but employs the use of a large number of algorithms, especially for orienting and permuting the last layer. The cross is solved first, followed by first layer corners and second layer edges simultaneously, with each corner paired up with a second-layer edge piece, thus completing the first two layers (F2L). This is then followed by orienting the last layer, then permuting the last layer (OLL and PLL respectively). There are a total of 120 algorithms for Fridrich's method, however they are not all required to use the CFOP method. Most dedicated cubers will learn as many of these algorithms as possible, and most advanced cubers know all of them. If a cuber knows every algorithm for OLL they may be described as knowing full OLL. It is the same for PLL and F2L. A now well-known method was developed by Lars Petrus. In this method, a 2×2×2 section is solved first, followed by a 2×2×3, and then the incorrect edges are solved using a three-move algorithm, which eliminates the need for a possible 32-move algorithm later. The principle behind this is that in layer-by-layer, one must constantly break and fix the completed layer(s); the 2×2×2 and 2×2×3 sections allow three or two layers (respectively) to be turned without ruining progress. One of the advantages of this method is that it tends to give solutions in fewer moves. For this reason, the method is also popular for fewest move competitions.[72] The Roux Method, developed by Gilles Roux, is similar to the Petrus method in that it relies on block building rather than layers, but derives from corners-first methods. In Roux, a 3×2×1 block is solved, followed by another 3×2×1 on the opposite side. Next, the corners of the top layer are solved. The cube can then be solved using only moves of the U layer and M slice.[73] Beginners' methods Most beginner solution methods involve solving the cube one layer at a time ("layer-by-layer" method or "beginner's method"), using algorithms that preserve what has already been solved. The easiest layer by layer methods require only 3–8 algorithms.[74][75] In 1981, thirteen-year-old Patrick Bossert developed a solution for solving the cube, along with a graphical notation, designed to be easily understood by novices.[76] It was subsequently published as You Can Do The Cube and became a best-seller.[77] In 1997, Denny Dedmore published a solution described using diagrammatic icons representing the moves to be made, instead of the usual notation.[78] Philip Marshall's The Ultimate Solution to Rubik's Cube takes a different approach, averaging only 65 twists yet requiring the memorisation of only two algorithms. The cross is solved first, followed by the remaining edges (using the Edge Piece Series FR'F'R), then five corners (using the Corner Piece Series URU'L'UR'U'L, which is the same as the typical last layer corner permutation algorithm), and finally the last three corners.[79] Rubik's Cube solver programs The most move optimal online Rubik's Cube solver programs use Herbert Kociemba's two-phase algorithm which can typically determine a solution of 20 moves or fewer. The user has to set the colour configuration of the scrambled cube, and the program returns the steps required to solve it.[80] Competitions and records ‼️Please read‼️ ‼️You have your choose of shipping!!!! Media mail, USPS ground advantage or priority mail.‼️ Media mail only for books and movies!!!!! Smoke free pet free home. I do combine shipping. Please let me know if it does not show up in your cart correctly eBay does charge me to refund on shipping. Thank you so much for your time !! I also do combine shipping. Please look at the pictures so you’ll know what you were buying . I AM HUMAN SOMETIMES I MESS UP ON THE WORDS OF THE POST! MY PICTURES WILL ALWAYS BE RIGHT JUST INCASE! SOMETIMES MY 4 YEAR OLD GRANDDAUGHTER HELPS LOL. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS PLEASE ASK! Any defects I always put in the pictures.! I always put about 2 inches or more if it is a big book! Due to the fact that I use bubble wrap and a bubble mailer for my books. Most books are brand new or like-new first editions unless collector items; also many signed & sets. All items are shipped well-padded & protected. If there ever is a problem, please let me know before reporting I will be glad to resolve it or try to thank you very much. Some of my items have where you can choose priority or ground shipping your choice you do that right after you start the checkout process thank you very much. 📦📦USPS HAS ANNOUNCED THEY WILL BE RAISING THEIR RATES FOR THE SHIPPING BEGINNING OCT. 1th , 2024. I UNDERSTAND THE SHIPPING IS BECOMING OUTRAGEOUS. UNFORTUNATELY I AM NOT A BIG BOX STORE CHAIN THAT CAN OFFER DISCOUNT SHIPPING. I DO NOT PROFIT ON SHIPPING. SHIPPING IS CALCULATED.📫 ☑️📪PLEASE CHECK YOUR ADDRESS!!!☑️📪 Please let me know before you pay, if doing combine shipping!! Please look at the pictures so you’ll know what you were buying . Any defects I always put in the pictures.! Thank You a lot of times I do ship priority mail to keep the pieces from getting damaged and I do that on my dime. I just do it take what you pay on regular and pay for priority shipping on most pieces. Please please check your address on your eBay page to where I would send your items to make sure it is correct thank you. I do combine shipping. Smoke free pet free home. Please let me know if it does not show up in your cart correctly eBay does charge me to refund on shipping. Thank you so much for your time !! I never use stock photos you what you see is what you get! Listings in the Balloons category must include the following choking hazard warning: ⚠️ CHOKING HAZARD – Children under 8 yrs. can choke or suffocate on uninflated or broken balloons. Adult supervision required. Keep uninflated balloons from children. Discard broken balloons at once. ⚠️Thank You Thank You!!!‼️ ‼️‼️IF The item IS USED IT MAY shows wear from consistent use but remains in good condition and works perfectly ‼️‼️ the pieces from getting damaged and I do that on my dime. I just do it take what you pay on regular and pay for priority shipping on most pieces. Please please check your address on your eBay page to where I would send your items to make sure it is correct thank you. I do combine shipping. Smoke free pet free home. Please let me know if it does not show up in your cart correctly eBay does charge me to refund on shipping. Thank you so much for your time !! I never use stock photos you what you see is what you get! Listings in the Balloons category must include the following choking hazard warning: ⚠️ CHOKING HAZARD – Children under 8 yrs. can choke or suffocate on uninflated or broken balloons. Adult supervision required. Keep uninflated balloons from children. Discard broken balloons at once. ⚠️Thank You Thank You!!!‼️ ‼️‼️IF The item IS USED IT MAY shows wear from consistent use but remains in good condition and works perfectly ‼️‼️

Price: 15.09 USD

Location: Carrollton, Georgia

End Time: 2024-12-25T14:53:49.000Z

Shipping Cost: N/A USD