ca.1895 French photochrom BOW RIVER AND WIND MOUNTAIN, ALBERTA, CANADA (#111)

Description: Boulanger_111 ca.1895 French photochrom BOW RIVER AND WIND MOUNTAIN, ALBERTA, CANADA (#111) Photochrom titled La Riviere de l'Arc et la Montagne du Vent, page size is approx. 32 x 24 cm, image size is approx. 21 x 14.5 cm. From: Autour du Monde - Aquarelles - Souvenirs de Voyages, Paris, L. Boulanger, editeur. Bow River river in southern Alberta, Canada, the main headstream of the South Saskatchewan River. It rises in the Canadian Rocky Mountains of Banff National Park at the foot of Mount Gordon and flows from glacial Bow Lake southeastward through the park in a lush montane ecoregion that runs past the communities of Lake Louise and Banff. Exiting the park, the Bow turns generally eastward and flows through Calgary, the largest settlement on the river. Near Bassano the river again bends southward and, after a course of 365 miles (587 km), joins the Oldman River 37 miles (60 km) west of Medicine Hat to form the South Saskatchewan River. The river was so named because the Cree Indians made bows from Douglas firs that grew along its banks. French explorers traversed the Bow valley in 1752, followed by fur traders in the early part of the 19th century. Several dams have been built on the Bow and its tributaries; they are used for hydroelectric power, irrigation, and flood control, as well as for providing Calgary with its water supply. Bow Valley Provincial Park lies just outside Banff National Park at the junction of the Bow and Kananaskis rivers, 50 miles (80 km) west of Calgary. Wind Mountain Wind Mountain is a 3,153-metre (10,344-foot) mountain summit located in Kananaskis Country in the Canadian Rockies of Alberta, Canada. Wind Mountain's nearest higher peak is Mount Galatea, 13.0 km (8.1 mi) to the south, and both are part of the Kananaskis Range. Wind Mountain can be seen from the Trans-Canada Highway in the Bow River valley, and from Highway 40. Wind Mountain was a massif with four peaks when originally named by Eugene Bourgeau of the Palliser Expedition in 1858, but three of the four peaks were renamed Mount Lougheed in 1928 after Sir James Lougheed's family pressured the government to name the peak in honor of him following his death. The present day Wind Mountain (highest of the four) was later named in 1983 to honor Bourgeau's original naming. Bourgeau so named the mountain because clouds were gathering and curling around its high peaks. The mountain's name was made official in 1985 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. Photochrom Photochrom (also called the Aäc process) prints are colorized images produced from black-and-white photographic negatives via the direct photographic transfer of a negative onto lithographic printing plates. The process is properly considered a photographic variant of chromolithography, a broader term referring to color lithography in general. History The process was invented in the 1880s by Hans Jakob Schmid (1856–1924), an employee of the Swiss company Orell Gessner Füssli, a printing firm with a history extending back into the 16th century. Füssli founded the stock company Photochrom Zürich (later Photoglob Zürich AG) as the business vehicle for the commercial exploitation of the process and both Füssli and Photoglob continue to exist today. From the mid 1890s on the process was licensed by other companies including the Detroit Photographic Company in the US and the Photochrom Company of London. The photochrom process was most popular in the 1890s, when true color photography was first being developed but was still commercially impractical. In 1898 the US Congress passed the Private Mailing Card Act which allowed private publishers to produce postcards. These could be mailed for one cent each — the letter rate at the time was two cents. Thousands of photochrom prints, usually of cities or landscapes, were created and sold as postcards and it is in this format that photochrom reproductions became most popular. The Detroit Photographic Company reportedly produced as many as seven million photochrom prints in some years, and ten to thirty thousand different views were offered. After World War One, which brought an end to the craze for collecting Photochrom postcards, the chief use of the process was printing posters and art reproductions, and the last Photochrom printer operated up to 1970. Process A tablet of lithographic limestone, known as a "litho stone," is coated with a light-sensitive coating, comprising a thin layer of purified bitumen dissolved in benzene. A reversed half-tone negative is then pressed against the coating and exposed to daylight for a period of 10 to 30 minutes in summer, up to several hours in winter. The image on the negative allows varying amounts of light to fall on different areas of the coating, causing the bitumen to harden and become resistant to normal solvents in proportion to the amount of light that falls on it. The coating is then washed in turpentine solutions to remove the unhardened bitumen and retouched in the tonal scale of the chosen color to strengthen or soften the tones as required. Each tint is applied using a separate stone bearing the appropriate retouched image. The finished print is produced using at least six, but more commonly from 10 to 15, tint stones.

Price: 21.99 USD

Location: Zagreb, HR

End Time: 2024-12-26T16:47:47.000Z

Shipping Cost: 12.5 USD