1845 print HUMAYUN'S TOMB, NIZAMUDDIN EAST, DELHI, INDIA (#43)

Description: Inde_43 1845 print HUMAYUN'S TOMB, NIZAMUDDIN EAST, DELHI, INDIA (#43) Print from steel engraving titled Tombeau de l'Empereur Hoomayoou pres de Dehly, published in a volume of L'Univers Pittoresque, Paris, approx. page size 21 x 13 cm, approx. image size 15 x 9.5 cm, nice hand coloring. Humāyūn's Tomb one of the earliest extant examples of the garden tomb characteristic of Mughal-era architecture, situated in Delhi, India. In 1993 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage site. A landmark in the development of Mughal architecture, Humāyūn's Tomb was commissioned in 1569, after the death of the Mughal emperor Humāyūn in 1556, by his Persian queen Ḥamīdah Bānū Begam. It was designed by Persian architect Mīrak Mīrzā Ghiyā. The structure inspired several other significant architectural achievements, including the Taj Mahal. The 10-hectare (25-acre) plot on which the building stands is one of the first to have been laid out in a manner based on the description of an Islamic char bagh (“paradise garden”). The garden is divided into four large squares by means of causeways and water channels. Each of the four squares is further subdivided in like manner so that the whole is subdivided into 36 smaller squares. The tomb occupies the four central squares. Within the premises are a baradari (pillared pavilion) and a hammam (bath chamber). Inspired by the structural splendour of this garden, Edwin Lutyens, the noted English architect and planner of New Delhi, re-created a similar design around what is now the Rashtrapati Bhavan (Presidential House) in the early 20th century. During the Indian Mutiny (1857–58), Humāyūn's Tomb served as a garrison and a final refuge for the last Mughal emperor, Bahādur Shāh II. The tomb houses the remains of several additional eminent personalities of the Mughal era, including those of its founder, the emperor Bābur. Humāyūn also called Nāṣin al-Dīn Muḥammad born March 6, 1508, Kabul [Afghanistan] died January 1556, Delhi [India] second Mughal ruler of India, who was more an adventurer than a consolidator of his empire. The son and successor of Bābur, who had founded the Mughal dynasty, Humāyūn ruled from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556. Humāyūn inherited the hope rather than the fact of empire, because the Afghans and Rajputs were merely restrained but not reconciled to Mughal supremacy by the Mughal victories at Panipat (1526), Khanua (1527), and the Ghaghara (1529). Bahādur Shah of Gujarat, encouraged by Afghan and Mughal émigrés, challenged the Mughals in Rajasthan, and, although Humāyūn occupied Gujarat in 1535, the danger there ended only with Bahādur's death in 1537. Meanwhile, an Afghan soldier of fortune, Shēr Shah of Sūr, had consolidated his power in Bihar and Bengal; he defeated Humāyūn at Chausa in 1539 and at Kannauj in 1540, expelling him from India. Humāyūn became a homeless wanderer, seeking support first in Sindh, then in Marwar, and then in Sindh again; his famous son, Akbar, was born there in 1542. Reaching Iran in 1544, Humāyūn was granted military aid by Shah Ṭahmāsp and went on to conquer (in what is now Afghanistan) Kandahār (1545) and to seize Kabul three times from his own disloyal brother, Kāmrān, the final time being in 1550. Taking advantage of civil wars among the descendants of Shēr Shah, Humāyūn captured Lahore (now in Pakistan) in February 1555, and, after defeating Sikandar Sūr, the rebel Afghan governor of the Punjab, at Sirhind, he recovered Delhi and Agra that July. Humāyūn was fatally injured by falling down the staircase of his library. His tomb in Delhi, built several years after his death, is the first of the great Mughal architectural masterpieces; it was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1993.

Price: 23.99 USD

Location: Zagreb, HR

End Time: 2025-01-05T08:42:53.000Z

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